Post by cuteascountry_Shortcake on Dec 5, 2003 9:31:33 GMT -6
Hi Everyone,
Here is an excerpt from the VJJE Publishing Co. weekly newsletter.
Talking Turkey
It's time to talk turkey. If you're cooking one for the first time
this Thanksgiving or even if you've cooked one before, do you know
if you're preparing it safely?
If you're not sure what to do, don't worry - plenty of people have
turkey questions and the answers are readily available. Each
Thanksgiving, staffers at the United States Department of
Agriculture's (USDA) Meat and Poultry Hotline answer hundreds of
calls from people who have questions about preparing turkey.
"Each Thanksgiving I've worked, I always get two or three people
calling and their birds are still in the freezer," says Bessie Berry,
manager of the USDA hotline. "They also want to know how long it
takes to cook (turkey), and basic kinds of things."
Raw or undercooked meat and poultry may contain harmful bacteria,
and therefore improper thawing, handling, cooking or storing of that
Thanksgiving bird can put hosts and dinner guests at risk for food
poisoning, Berry says.
We've consulted Berry and another turkey expert, Sherrie Rosenblatt,
director of public relations at the National Turkey Federation, and
came up with a top 10 list of common mistakes people make when
preparing a holiday turkey.
Avoid these turkey bloopers:
1. Buying fresh turkeys too early. "If they buy fresh, they usually
buy much too early - more than 2 days prior to Thanksgiving," says
Berry. You can only keep a fresh turkey refrigerated 1 to 2 days
before cooking. (However, a whole frozen turkey can be stored in
your home freezer at 0 degrees for up to 1 year.)
2. Cross contamination. "Don't put raw meat or poultry with raw
vegetables," says Rosenblatt. Although you may not intentionally have
these items in contact, if it happens, there is high risk of cross
contamination, that can spell food poisoning. Make sure to wash your
hands and the food preparation surface thoroughly in-between
preparing the turkey and a salad, for example.
3. Thawing a frozen bird at room temperature. This can lead to a
potentially unsafe turkey. As the turkey starts to defrost, bacteria
will grow on the surface, multiplying to high levels that may not be
destroyed during cooking. There are three proper ways to thaw,
according to Rosenblatt. One is in the refrigerator, allowing 1 day
for every 5 pounds of turkey. An 8-pound bird would take 1 to 2 days
to thaw. If you need a quicker way, use cold water, changing the
water every 30 minutes. The same 8-pound bird would take about 4 to 6
hours to defrost this way. The third method, Rosenblatt says, is to
microwave the turkey "if you can get it in there." Follow the
manufacturer's directions and roast immediately after thawing.
4. Partial cooking or prestuffing the night before. Do not partially
cook a turkey, because interrupted cooking may increase bacterial
growth. Do not prestuff, either, because that can also create a
hotbed for organisms to multiply. In addition, the cavity of the bird
insulates the stuffing and may prevent it from heating to the proper
temperature. If you want a jump on Thanksgiving dinner, Berry
recommends premixing the dry and wet stuffing ingredients (to prevent
cross contamination) and storing them in separate containers the
night before.
5. Overstuffing the turkey. You'll either wind up with undercooked
stuffing or an overcooked bird because you'll have to cook beyond the
cooking time for the stuffing to reach a safe temperature. The
National Turkey Federation recommends cooking the stuffing separately
from the turkey because improper handling and inadequate cooking of
stuffed birds can increase the possibility of food poisoning.
6. Cooking the turkey at low temperatures overnight. Cooking a turkey
below an oven temperature of 325F is unsafe because temperatures
lower than this may encourage bacteria to grow inside the turkey
where temperatures could stay below the danger zone of 140F.
7. Cooking the turkey ahead of time and letting it sit in the
refrigerator. Cooking a turkey ahead of time is all right, but
leaving it whole in the refrigerator is not recommended because a
cooked bird is just too big to cool quickly enough in a home
refrigerator. The solution is to remove the stuffing if the turkey is
stuffed, and to carve the turkey and store the slices in covered
shallow pans in the refrigerator. When reheating the slices, reheat
to 165F.
8. Forgetting the food thermometer. Both Berry and Rosenblatt say a
food thermometer is a must. "Temperature is the true indicator that
the turkey is done. Time is just a gauge," Rosenblatt says. "Everyone
wants to make sure their turkey is moist and pretty. When it's done,
it's done. The temperature is going to tell you it's ready."
Here's a word of caution on relying on cookbooks. Rosenblatt says
temperatures have changed for cooking turkeys. Turkeys today
typically take a shorter time to cook. That's because they have more
white meat and white meat cooks faster. "Throw away the cookbook and
use the thermometer," she says.
So what is the right temperature? The turkey should reach an
internal temperature of at least 180F. The thermometer should be
placed in the thickest part of the thigh between the leg and the
breast. If cooking only the turkey breast, it should reach 170F in
the thickest part of the breast, according to USDA guidelines.
9. Predicting the exact time your turkey will be ready. "Get over
the notion that you can predict when the bird is going to be ready,"
Berry says. If it is done too early, you can hold it in the oven at
140F or you may have to switch from having a hot turkey to a cold
one.
10. Leaving out the leftovers. "People tend to think that once
they've cooked the turkey, they can leave it out forever, and they
cannot," Berry says. Leftovers shouldn't be left on the table beyond
2 hours, she says. When you're done with your meal, take the turkey
off the bone, divide into portions so that it will cool, and
refrigerate. Turkey will keep 3 to 4 days in the refrigerator. Use
stuffing and gravy within 1 to 2 days.
And what happens if you forget to take the turkey out of the freezer
on Thanksgiving Day? Berry says you may be surprised to hear that you
can actually take the turkey out of its wrap and stick it straight in
the oven as is, at a temperature no lower than 325F. Once it is
thawed enough, you can remove the giblets and neck from the cavity
and continue the cooking process.
"It takes about 50% more time for it to cook, but it is certainly
safe," Berry says.
For more information on turkey tips, check out the National Turkey
Federation's Web site, at (www.eatturkey.com). You can also call the
USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-800-535-4555 from 8 am to 2 pm ET
on Thanksgiving Day. The hotline is staffed by home economists,
registered dietitians, and food technologists.
=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=
Until Next Week,
John Havel, Editor
VJJE PUBLISHING CO.
www.e-cookbooks.net
"The Food and Cooking Network"
Receive The Leading Recipe Ezine On The Internet!
www.e-cookbooks.net/sub1.htm
Here is an excerpt from the VJJE Publishing Co. weekly newsletter.
Talking Turkey
It's time to talk turkey. If you're cooking one for the first time
this Thanksgiving or even if you've cooked one before, do you know
if you're preparing it safely?
If you're not sure what to do, don't worry - plenty of people have
turkey questions and the answers are readily available. Each
Thanksgiving, staffers at the United States Department of
Agriculture's (USDA) Meat and Poultry Hotline answer hundreds of
calls from people who have questions about preparing turkey.
"Each Thanksgiving I've worked, I always get two or three people
calling and their birds are still in the freezer," says Bessie Berry,
manager of the USDA hotline. "They also want to know how long it
takes to cook (turkey), and basic kinds of things."
Raw or undercooked meat and poultry may contain harmful bacteria,
and therefore improper thawing, handling, cooking or storing of that
Thanksgiving bird can put hosts and dinner guests at risk for food
poisoning, Berry says.
We've consulted Berry and another turkey expert, Sherrie Rosenblatt,
director of public relations at the National Turkey Federation, and
came up with a top 10 list of common mistakes people make when
preparing a holiday turkey.
Avoid these turkey bloopers:
1. Buying fresh turkeys too early. "If they buy fresh, they usually
buy much too early - more than 2 days prior to Thanksgiving," says
Berry. You can only keep a fresh turkey refrigerated 1 to 2 days
before cooking. (However, a whole frozen turkey can be stored in
your home freezer at 0 degrees for up to 1 year.)
2. Cross contamination. "Don't put raw meat or poultry with raw
vegetables," says Rosenblatt. Although you may not intentionally have
these items in contact, if it happens, there is high risk of cross
contamination, that can spell food poisoning. Make sure to wash your
hands and the food preparation surface thoroughly in-between
preparing the turkey and a salad, for example.
3. Thawing a frozen bird at room temperature. This can lead to a
potentially unsafe turkey. As the turkey starts to defrost, bacteria
will grow on the surface, multiplying to high levels that may not be
destroyed during cooking. There are three proper ways to thaw,
according to Rosenblatt. One is in the refrigerator, allowing 1 day
for every 5 pounds of turkey. An 8-pound bird would take 1 to 2 days
to thaw. If you need a quicker way, use cold water, changing the
water every 30 minutes. The same 8-pound bird would take about 4 to 6
hours to defrost this way. The third method, Rosenblatt says, is to
microwave the turkey "if you can get it in there." Follow the
manufacturer's directions and roast immediately after thawing.
4. Partial cooking or prestuffing the night before. Do not partially
cook a turkey, because interrupted cooking may increase bacterial
growth. Do not prestuff, either, because that can also create a
hotbed for organisms to multiply. In addition, the cavity of the bird
insulates the stuffing and may prevent it from heating to the proper
temperature. If you want a jump on Thanksgiving dinner, Berry
recommends premixing the dry and wet stuffing ingredients (to prevent
cross contamination) and storing them in separate containers the
night before.
5. Overstuffing the turkey. You'll either wind up with undercooked
stuffing or an overcooked bird because you'll have to cook beyond the
cooking time for the stuffing to reach a safe temperature. The
National Turkey Federation recommends cooking the stuffing separately
from the turkey because improper handling and inadequate cooking of
stuffed birds can increase the possibility of food poisoning.
6. Cooking the turkey at low temperatures overnight. Cooking a turkey
below an oven temperature of 325F is unsafe because temperatures
lower than this may encourage bacteria to grow inside the turkey
where temperatures could stay below the danger zone of 140F.
7. Cooking the turkey ahead of time and letting it sit in the
refrigerator. Cooking a turkey ahead of time is all right, but
leaving it whole in the refrigerator is not recommended because a
cooked bird is just too big to cool quickly enough in a home
refrigerator. The solution is to remove the stuffing if the turkey is
stuffed, and to carve the turkey and store the slices in covered
shallow pans in the refrigerator. When reheating the slices, reheat
to 165F.
8. Forgetting the food thermometer. Both Berry and Rosenblatt say a
food thermometer is a must. "Temperature is the true indicator that
the turkey is done. Time is just a gauge," Rosenblatt says. "Everyone
wants to make sure their turkey is moist and pretty. When it's done,
it's done. The temperature is going to tell you it's ready."
Here's a word of caution on relying on cookbooks. Rosenblatt says
temperatures have changed for cooking turkeys. Turkeys today
typically take a shorter time to cook. That's because they have more
white meat and white meat cooks faster. "Throw away the cookbook and
use the thermometer," she says.
So what is the right temperature? The turkey should reach an
internal temperature of at least 180F. The thermometer should be
placed in the thickest part of the thigh between the leg and the
breast. If cooking only the turkey breast, it should reach 170F in
the thickest part of the breast, according to USDA guidelines.
9. Predicting the exact time your turkey will be ready. "Get over
the notion that you can predict when the bird is going to be ready,"
Berry says. If it is done too early, you can hold it in the oven at
140F or you may have to switch from having a hot turkey to a cold
one.
10. Leaving out the leftovers. "People tend to think that once
they've cooked the turkey, they can leave it out forever, and they
cannot," Berry says. Leftovers shouldn't be left on the table beyond
2 hours, she says. When you're done with your meal, take the turkey
off the bone, divide into portions so that it will cool, and
refrigerate. Turkey will keep 3 to 4 days in the refrigerator. Use
stuffing and gravy within 1 to 2 days.
And what happens if you forget to take the turkey out of the freezer
on Thanksgiving Day? Berry says you may be surprised to hear that you
can actually take the turkey out of its wrap and stick it straight in
the oven as is, at a temperature no lower than 325F. Once it is
thawed enough, you can remove the giblets and neck from the cavity
and continue the cooking process.
"It takes about 50% more time for it to cook, but it is certainly
safe," Berry says.
For more information on turkey tips, check out the National Turkey
Federation's Web site, at (www.eatturkey.com). You can also call the
USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-800-535-4555 from 8 am to 2 pm ET
on Thanksgiving Day. The hotline is staffed by home economists,
registered dietitians, and food technologists.
=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=+=-=
Until Next Week,
John Havel, Editor
VJJE PUBLISHING CO.
www.e-cookbooks.net
"The Food and Cooking Network"
Receive The Leading Recipe Ezine On The Internet!
www.e-cookbooks.net/sub1.htm